❘
❘
Metaphysically
Notwithstanding
Shorttempered
Nonintervention
Beatifications
Personification
Conflictingly
Adiabatically
Guide
Summer warming explains widespread but not uniform greening in the Arctic tundra biome
Arctic warming can influence tundra ecosystem function with consequences for climate feedbacks, wildlife and human communities. Yet ecological change across the Arctic tundra biome remains poorly quantified due to field measurement limitations and reliance on coarse-resolution satellite data. Here, we assess decadal changes in Arctic tundra greenness using time series from the 30 m resolution Landsat satellites. From 1985 to 2016 tundra greenness increased (greening) at 37.3% of sampling sites and decreased (browning) at 4.7% of sampling sites. Greening occurred most often at warm sampling sites with increased summer air temperature, soil temperature, and soil moisture, while browning occurred most often at cold sampling sites that cooled and dried. Tundra greenness was positively correlated with graminoid, shrub, and ecosystem productivity measured at field sites. Our results support the hypothesis that summer warming stimulated plant productivity across much, but not all, of the Arctic tundra biome during recent decades. By Logan T. Berner.
Arkties tundros biomas sparčiai šyla, o tai turi esminių pasekmių klimatui, laukinei gamtai ir žmonių bendruomenėms. Nepaisant to, įvertinti klimato kaitos poveikį tundros ekosistemoms visoje Arktyje tebėra didelis iššūkis, kaip neseniai pabrėžė. Nacionalinė mokslų akademija. Daugelio dešimtmečių lauko matavimai yra tiesioginiai tundros reakcijos į atšilimą įrodymai, tačiau tokių tyrimų Arktyje, ypač Kanados ir Eurazijos Arktyje, yra nedaug. Esami ilgalaikiai lauko tyrimai dokumentuoja neseniai padidėjusį augalų dangą, augimą, aukštį ir biomasę bei perėjimą prie krūmų dominavimo kai kuriose tundros ekosistemose, o kitose vietovėse augalija beveik nepakito ar netgi atšilimo sukeltas augalų nuosmukis. augimas. Įvairūs ekologiniai atsakai į atšilimą ir ilgalaikių lauko matavimų trūkumas pabrėžia, kad reikia efektyviai naudoti Žemę stebinčius palydovus, kad būtų galima įvertinti ekologinius pokyčius, vykstančius viename iš šalčiausių, bet greičiausiai šylančių Žemės biomų. Žemę stebintys palydovai buvo naudojami daryti išvadas apie tundros žalumos pokyčius nuo devintojo dešimtmečio, tačiau visos Arkties vertinimai istoriškai rėmėsi grubios erdvinės skiriamosios gebos palydovų duomenų rinkiniais, kurie laikui bėgant rodo didelius neatitikimus. Normalizuotas augalijos skirtumo indeksas pateikia tundros žalumo metriką, kurią galima gauti iš palydovų stebėjimų ir kuri yra plačiai susijusi su tundros augalų produktyvumu ir antžemine biomase. Panarktiniai NDVI pokyčiai nuo devintojo dešimtmečio buvo išskirtinai vertinami naudojant pažangius labai didelės raiškos radiometrus. Šių palydovų daugėja didelėse Arkties dalyse, bet mažėja keliuose regionuose. Tačiau žalinimo ir rudumo paplitimas ir erdviniai modeliai duomenų rinkiniuose labai skiriasi. Šie neatitikimai iš dalies atspindi iššūkius, susijusius su kryžminio kalibravimo jutikliais, skriejančiais 16 atskirų palydovų. Be to, šiurkšti duomenų rinkinių erdvinė skiriamoji geba (paprastai ~ 8 km) gerokai viršija nevienalyčių tundros kraštovaizdžių ekologinių pokyčių mastą10 ir riboja galimybę priskirti naujausias tendencijas potencialiems kraštovaizdžio lygio veiksniams: amžinojo įšalo atšilimui, laukiniams gaisrams. Be to, dėl grubios erdvinės skiriamosios gebos sunku suderinti tendencijas su lauko stebėjimais.
☞ Le Bilan mondial est un point de contrôle quinquennal convenu dans l'Accord de Paris de 2015. Son objectif est d’aider les gouvernements à suivre et à évaluer leurs progrès en matière d’action climatique et à renforcer leurs ambitions climatiques au fil du temps. La GST se concentre sur trois aspects : l’atténuation, l’adaptation et le financement.
CROSSING ◉ REFUGEES ✺ THE CIVILIZATION ★ IN DUE TIME ◌ WORDS IN PIECES 🌞 ABROAD ✴ PERISH IN THE NIGHT ✶ WRITER’S HAND ◑ FIXED TIME ✹ LIGHT OF THOUGHT ✺ IN THE REGIME ○ SATIRICAL MYSTICAL TOUR
Marked
In a first, neutrinos were caught interacting at the Large Hadron Collider
INTEREST IN NEUTRINOS ARISES NOT ONLY BECAUSE OF THEIR MYSTERIOUS PROPERTIES, BUT ALSO BECAUSE OF THEIR ROLE IN THE PHYSICS OF THE COSMOS ☙ NEUTRINOS CAN TELL US A LOT ABOUT EVENTS IN DEEP SPACE ☙ THEREFORE, SCIENTISTS ARE LOOKING FOR OBSERVATION OPPORTUNITIES IN A WIDE VARIETY OF EXPERIMENTS, INCLUDING COLLIDERS ☙ ONE OF SUCH EXPERIMENTS IS THE FASERNU DETECTOR LOCATED AT THE LARGE HADRON COLLIDER ☙ THIS DETECTOR WAS CREATED SPECIFICALLY FOR THE DETECTION OF HIGH-ENERGY NEUTRINOS. IT CONSISTS OF 686 EMULSION FILMS AND TUNGSTEN PLATES WITH A TOTAL WEIGHT OF ABOUT A TON ☙ AS A RESULT OF MANY YEARS OF PRODUCTIVE WORK, SCIENTISTS FROM THE FASER TEAM MANAGED TO DETECT NEUTRINOS ☙ SIX CANDIDATES WERE IDENTIFIED BACK LAST YEAR ☙ BUT AFTER A LONG VERIFICATION PROCEDURE, THE RESEARCHERS FINALLY CONFIRMED THEIR DISCOVERY WITH A SIGNIFICANCE LEVEL OF 16 SIGMA ☙ THIS MEANS THAT THE PROBABILITY OF THE RANDOM SIGNALS IS SO LOW THAT IT IS ALMOST ZERO.
Researchers at the University of East Anglia have proposed a new way of using quantum light to 'see' quantum sound. A new paper published today reveals the quantum-mechanical interplay between vibrations and particles of light, known as photons, in molecules. It is hoped that the discovery may help scientists better understand the interactions between light and matter on molecular scales. And it potentially paves the way for addressing fundamental questions about the importance of quantum effects in applications ranging from new quantum technologies to biological systems. Dr Magnus Borgh from the School of Physics said: “There is a long-standing controversy in chemical physics about the nature of processes where energy from particles of light is transferred within molecules. Are they fundamentally quantum-mechanical or classical? Molecules are complex and messy systems, constantly vibrating. How do these vibrations affect any quantum-mechanical processes in the molecule?” These processes are typically investigated using techniques that rely on polarisation – the same property of light used in sunglasses to reduce reflections. But this is a classical phenomenon. “Techniques from quantum optics, the field of physics that studies the quantum nature of light and its interactions with matter on the atomic scale, can offer a way to investigate genuine quantum effects directly in molecular systems.” Quantum behaviour can be revealed by studying correlations in the emitted light from a molecule placed in a laser field. Correlations answer the question how likely it is that two photons are emitted very close together and can be measured using standard techniques. Ben Humphries, PhD student in theoretical chemistry, at UEA said: “Our research shows that when a molecule exchanges phonons with its environment, this produces a recognisable signal in the photon correlations.” While photons are routinely created and measured in laboratories all over the world, individual quanta of vibrations, which are the corresponding particles of sound, phonons, cannot in general be similarly measured. The new findings provide a toolbox for investigating the world of quantum sound in molecules. Lead researcher Dr Garth Jones, from the School of Chemistry, said: “We have also computed correlations between photon and phonons. It would be very exciting if our paper could inspire the development of new experimental technique" he added.
Nükleer saatin geliştirilmesine yönelik dönüm noktası anı: Texas A&M Üniversitesi Fizik ve Astronomi Bölümü'nde seçkin bir profesör olan Dr. Olga Kocharovskaya'nın da dahil olduğu uluslararası bir araştırma ekibi, temel bilimi ve çeşitli endüstrileri etkileyen, akıllara durgunluk veren potansiyele sahip yeni nesil atom saatlerinin geliştirilmesine yönelik büyük bir adım attı. nükleer fizikten uydu navigasyonuna ve telekomünikasyona kadar. Argonne Ulusal Laboratuvarı kıdemli fizikçisi Dr. Yuri Shvyd'ko liderliğindeki ekibin çalışması, Avrupa EuXFEL X-ışını lazer tesisinde dünyanın en parlak X-ışını darbeleriyle skandiyum-45 nükleer izomerini ilk kez rezonanslı bir şekilde heyecanlandırdı. ve bu nükleer rezonansın konumunu benzeri görülmemiş bir doğrulukla belirledi. Bulguları Nature dergisinde hem çevrimiçi hem de 19 Ekim tarihli basılı baskıda bildirildi. Araştırmanın baş araştırmacısı Kocharovskaya, "Sezyum-133 saati veya stronsiyum-87 saati gibi atomik saatler, bir atomdaki elektronların salınımlarına dayanır; mikrodalga veya optik radyasyon tarafından uyarıldığında son derece güvenilir salınım yapabilir" dedi. Bu araştırmayı başlatan ve destekleyen Ulusal Bilim Vakfı projesi. Havacılık bileşenlerinde ve spor ekipmanlarında kullanılan bir element olan skandiyum, 300 milyar yılda bir saniyelik bir doğruluk veya mevcut standart atom saatinden kabaca bin kat daha fazla doğruluk sağlar. Skandiyum-45 ve ultra parlak X-ışını darbelerinin birleşimi, bilim adamlarını, elektron kabuğundan ziyade atom çekirdeğinin salınımını kontrol altına alabilecek ilk nükleer saatin yaratılmasına kararlı bir adım daha yaklaştırıyor. Kocharovskaya'nın grubundan doktora sonrası araştırmacı Dr. Xiwen Zhang, "Görelilik, yerçekimi teorisi ve karanlık madde gibi diğer fiziksel fenomenlerin belirli yönlerinin incelenmesi de dahil olmak üzere, bu tür hassasiyet gerektiren amaçlar için nükleer saat en iyi saattir" dedi.
Atoms
Blizzard
Catalyst
Dormant
Evolution
Fracking
Genome
Habitat
Isotope
Jænisch
Kinetic
Laboratory
Magnet
Neutron
Organism
Physics
Quadratic
Radiation
Species
Theory
Universe
Volume
Watts
Xenolith
Yucca
Zeolites
E=mc²
G52🌞{&}
Glyphs
–
Designed by:
Version №
Classification:
Styles
Glyph count:
Languages:
OpenType features:
Future Updates:
Certificate of Typographic Excellence, Type Directors Club
2024
Honorable Mention, OESOL International Typography Award
2023